Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What is a prodrug?

1. AA drug that is inactive until the body converts it into its active form
2. BA drug that prevents or reverses the effect of another drug in the body
3. CA drug that has passed all clinical trials
4. DA drug that is given before surgery

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

1. AWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
2. BWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping
3. CWith folic acid alone
4. DWith blood transfusions every month

Apa yang dijelaskan oleh "bioavailabilitas"?

1. ASeberapa kuat obat berikatan dengan reseptornya
2. BBagian dosis yang terikat pada protein plasma dalam sirkulasi
3. CSeberapa cepat obat diekskresikan
4. DBagian dosis yang mencapai sirkulasi sistemik tanpa berubah

Which advice helps reduce the most common side effect of varenicline?

1. ATake double doses in the first week
2. BTake it with alcohol to reduce nausea
3. CTake it after food with a full glass of water
4. DTake it on an empty stomach at bedtime with a little milk

Efek samping mana yang khas untuk penyekat kanal kalsium amlodipin?

1. ABatuk kering
2. BBronkospasme
3. CPembengkakan pergelangan kaki
4. DHiperkalemia

Why is a progestogen added to oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy for a woman who still has her uterus?

1. ATo lower the risk of blood clots to zero
2. BTo protect against endometrial hyperplasia and cancer
3. CTo prevent breast cancer completely
4. DTo reduce hot flushes much more than oestrogen alone can

Golongan obat apa yang dapat menyebabkan hiperkalemia yang mengancam jiwa bila digabung dengan penghambat ACE?

1. ADiuretik tiazid
2. BDiuretik loop seperti furosemid intravena dosis tinggi
3. CDiuretik hemat kalium seperti spironolakton
4. DPenghambat pompa proton

A postoperative patient using morphine PCA is very drowsy, hard to rouse and has a respiratory rate of 7 per minute. What should the nurse do first?

1. AReduce the PCA dose and leave the pump running
2. BStop the PCA, try to rouse the patient and give naloxone as per protocol
3. CLet the patient sleep and recheck in one hour
4. DEncourage the patient to press the button only when awake and in pain