Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Which side effect is common with magnesium-containing antacids?

1. ADiarrhoea
2. BDry cough
3. CDrowsiness
4. DConstipation

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk
2. BA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box
3. CA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential
4. DA note that the drug is available without prescription

Why is adrenaline (epinephrine) sometimes added to a local anaesthetic injection?

1. AIt makes the anaesthetic act on the brain as well
2. BIt speeds up the removal of the anaesthetic from the tissue into the blood
3. CIt prevents allergic reactions to the anaesthetic
4. DIt constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AOral glucose gel poured into the mouth
2. BIntramuscular adrenaline
3. CRapid-acting insulin under the skin
4. DGlucagon by injection or nasal spray

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood
2. BTo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness
3. CTo prevent a fall in blood glucose
4. DTo make the drug work faster in the lungs

A patient with a peanut allergy is taught to use an adrenaline auto-injector. Which statement is correct?

1. AKeep it at home so it is not lost
2. BCall emergency services after using it, even if symptoms improve
3. CUse it only if the antihistamine has not worked after an hour
4. DThere is no need to see a doctor if the swelling goes down

A patient receiving frequent salbutamol (albuterol) nebulisers develops a fine tremor and a heart rate of 120 per minute. What is the best explanation?

1. ASalbutamol causes high potassium, which speeds the heart and causes muscle twitching
2. BAt high doses it also stimulates beta receptors in skeletal muscle and the heart
3. CThe patient is allergic to salbutamol and needs adrenaline
4. DSalbutamol blocks muscarinic receptors in the heart

Seorang pasien yang baru mulai mengonsumsi haloperidol mengalami demam tinggi, kekakuan otot "lead-pipe", kebingungan, dan kreatin kinase yang sangat tinggi. Apa diagnosis yang paling mungkin?

1. AHipertermia maligna akibat anestesi
2. BDistonia akut
3. CSindrom serotonin
4. DSindrom neuroleptik maligna