Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Why is HIV treated with a combination of antiretroviral drugs?

1. ABecause each single drug cures only part of the infection
2. BTo suppress the virus and prevent drug resistance
3. CTo make the treatment shorter, usually a few weeks
4. DBecause one drug alone causes no side effects

Organ mana yang mengekskresikan sebagian besar obat larut air dan metabolitnya?

1. AKulit
2. BGinjal
3. CHati
4. DParu-paru

What is a "high-alert medication"?

1. AA new drug during its first year on the market
2. BA drug that is expensive and must be kept in a locked cupboard
3. CAny drug that is given by the intravenous or intramuscular route
4. DA drug that causes more serious harm when used in error

Efek samping mana yang khas untuk metoklopramid, terutama pada orang muda?

1. ABatuk kering
2. BKonstipasi berat
3. CGangguan gerak ekstrapiramidal seperti distonia akut
4. DGlukosa darah rendah

A patient has oral mucositis after chemotherapy. Which advice is appropriate?

1. ABrush hard with a firm toothbrush to remove debris
2. BUse an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day to kill germs
3. CUse a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline or a bland mouthwash
4. DEat spicy and acidic foods to stimulate healing

A nurse realises that a patient has been given the wrong dose of a medicine. What is the first action?

1. AAssess the patient for effects of the error
2. BComplete the incident report before anything else
3. CWait to see whether the patient notices
4. DCorrect the chart so it shows the right dose

An older patient with coronary artery disease is starting levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Why is a low starting dose used?

1. AHigh starting doses cause permanent hypothyroidism
2. BOlder patients absorb levothyroxine much better, so small doses are all they need
3. CLevothyroxine causes severe hypoglycaemia in older patients
4. DFast replacement raises cardiac oxygen demand and can cause angina

Klirens suatu obat turun menjadi separuh akibat gagal ginjal, sementara volume distribusinya tetap. Apa yang terjadi pada waktu paruhnya?

1. ABerlipat dua
2. BNaik empat kali lipat
3. CTetap sama
4. DBerkurang separuh