Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses
2. BThe person has an allergy to the drug
3. CWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
4. DThe person takes the drug only when needed

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver
2. BIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
3. CIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile
4. DIt binds bile acids in the gut

Fluconazole is used to treat infections caused by:

1. AParasites such as malaria
2. BFungi such as Candida
3. CGram-negative bacteria
4. DViruses such as influenza

Which assessment is most important during IV mannitol therapy?

1. APlatelet count and signs of bleeding
2. BUrine output, electrolytes and signs of fluid overload
3. CLiver enzymes and signs of jaundice
4. DBlood glucose before meals and signs of hypoglycaemia

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
2. BIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
3. CHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects
4. DStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover

Pasien yang menggunakan penghambat MAO generasi lama diperingatkan tentang makanan kaya tiramin. Apa yang dapat terjadi?

1. AGagal ginjal mendadak
2. BKrisis hipertensi
3. CHipoglikemia berat
4. DRuam alergi

A noradrenaline infusion is running through a peripheral cannula. The skin around the site becomes pale, cold and hard. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave the infusion running and recheck in 4 hours
2. BIncrease the rate to improve blood flow to the area
3. CStop the infusion at that site and follow the extravasation protocol
4. DApply heat and massage the area, then continue the infusion

A patient on long-term prednisolone has been vomiting for two days and could not take her tablets. She is now hypotensive and confused, with low sodium and high potassium. What is the most urgent treatment?

1. AIV insulin with glucose only
2. BIV furosemide
3. COral prednisolone with a glass of water
4. DIV hydrocortisone and IV fluids