Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo make methotrexate act faster on the tumour
2. BTo protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
3. CTo prevent nausea and vomiting after the methotrexate
4. DTo treat an allergic reaction to methotrexate

In the United States, what does a Schedule II controlled substance mean?

1. AA drug available freely over the counter
2. BA drug with almost no risk of abuse
3. CA drug with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse
4. DA drug with accepted medical use but a high risk of abuse

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of which hormone?

1. AOxytocin, the hormone of labour
2. BAldosterone
3. CAntidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
4. DInsulin

Efek samping statin yang serius tetapi jarang manakah yang harus segera dilaporkan pasien?

1. ARasa logam di mulut
2. BBatuk kering
3. CPembengkakan pergelangan kaki
4. DNyeri atau kelemahan otot yang tidak dapat dijelaskan

Bagaimana penghambat SGLT2 seperti empagliflozin menurunkan glukosa darah?

1. AObat ini merangsang pelepasan insulin dari sel beta
2. BObat ini memperlambat pengosongan lambung
3. CObat ini membuat hati menyimpan lebih banyak glikogen
4. DObat ini meningkatkan pengeluaran glukosa melalui urine

Mengapa OAINS seperti ibuprofen meningkatkan risiko tukak lambung?

1. AMenurunkan prostaglandin pelindung di lapisan lambung
2. BMenambah jumlah bakteri Helicobacter pylori di lambung
3. CMelarutkan lapisan lendir secara langsung
4. DMenaikkan pH asam lambung

Which finding most favours serotonin syndrome over neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

1. ARecent start of an antipsychotic drug
2. BA very high creatine kinase
3. CRapid onset with hyperreflexia and clonus
4. DSlow onset over days with lead-pipe rigidity

A patient with asthma starts timolol eye drops for glaucoma and soon becomes wheezy. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe wheeze is unrelated to the eye drops
2. BThe eye drops contain an allergen that causes hay fever and asthma
3. CTimolol activates histamine receptors in the lungs
4. DTimolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways