1.Priorità e delegaMedia
An older patient becomes confused over a few hours, with attention that comes and goes. What does this suggest?
- AA personality change that is permanent and expected
- BNormal aging that needs no action
- CDelirium, which needs the cause found quickly
- DLong-standing dementia that is expected
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
A patient is admitted with suspected meningococcal meningitis. Which precautions are needed until treatment has been given for long enough?
- AContact precautions only
- BDroplet precautions
- CAirborne precautions
- DStandard precautions only
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
Perché i farmaci liquidi orali si somministrano con siringhe orali o enterali anziché con comuni siringhe endovenose?
- ANon c'è alcun motivo di sicurezza; è solo tradizione
- BLe siringhe orali misurano con maggiore precisione le dosi endovenose
- CLe siringhe endovenose non misurano con precisione piccoli volumi di liquido orale
- DLe siringhe orali non si adattano alle linee endovenose, evitando errori di via di somministrazione
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised eosinophil count. Which cause is most consistent with this finding?
- AA viral infection such as a cold
- BBone marrow suppression from chemotherapy
- CAn acute bacterial infection
- DAn allergic reaction or a parasitic infection
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
A patient receives repeated nebulized albuterol (salbutamol) for severe asthma. Which laboratory change should the nurse watch for?
- AA rise in serum sodium
- BA fall in blood glucose
- CA fall in serum potassium
- DA rise in serum calcium
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
- B"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
- C"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
- D"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Which drug is first-line in an acute asthma attack?
- AAn oral beta-blocker
- BA nebulised or inhaled short-acting beta2-agonist (salbutamol/albuterol)
- CA long-acting inhaled corticosteroid, used alone at a higher dose
- DAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine taken every few hours
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient has a full-thickness burn all the way round the forearm. Which complication must be watched for closely?
- AHypoglycaemia caused by the body using glucose to heal the burn
- BDelayed hair growth on the arm
- CExcessive bleeding from the burn surface needing an urgent blood transfusion
- DLoss of circulation to the hand as swelling builds under tight burned skin
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Quali caratteristiche descrivono meglio un'ulcera arteriosa della gamba?
- AUlcera indolore sotto l'avampiede con spesso callo attorno
- BUlcera dolorosa, pallida, a stampo sulle dita dei piedi con polsi del piede deboli
- CUlcera essudante sulla tibia con edema improntabile della gamba
- DUlcera superficiale e umida sopra la caviglia interna con cute bruna
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
Un paziente con scompenso cardiaco è aumentato di 2,5 kg in tre giorni, ha nuovi rantoli a entrambe le basi e ora dorme con quattro cuscini. PA 138/84 mmHg, SpO₂ 93% in aria ambiente. Qual è la priorità?
- ARegistrare il peso e ricontrollarlo alla fine della settimana successiva
- BIncoraggiare liquidi orali extra per proteggere i reni
- CFar sdraiare il paziente per far riposare il cuore e ridurre il fabbisogno
- DMettere il paziente seduto, valutarlo a fondo e segnalare il sovraccarico di liquidi
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?
- A4, withdraws from pain
- B6, obeys commands
- C5, localises to pain
- D3, abnormal flexion
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A kidney transplant recipient has had vomiting and diarrhoea for two days. Why should the transplant team be contacted?
- AThe kidney will start to produce far too much urine
- BThe patient may not be absorbing their immunosuppressants
- CThe tablets will make the vomiting stop
- DVomiting proves that rejection has already happened
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
What is the most important safety point about misoprostol?
- AIt can cause miscarriage and must not be used in pregnancy
- BIt strongly raises blood glucose in people with diabetes
- CIt causes severe constipation in most patients
- DIt must be given only by deep intramuscular injection
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A few hours after an ERCP, a patient has severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, with vomiting. Which complication is most likely?
- APost-ERCP pancreatitis
- BHepatitis B infection
- CAcute appendicitis
- DBiliary colic from a new stone