1.Priorità e delegaMedia
A patient has a blood pressure of 210/120 mmHg. Which finding would make this a hypertensive emergency?
- AForgetting to take the blood pressure tablet this morning
- BA history of high blood pressure for ten years
- CMild anxiety about the high reading on the monitor
- DNew chest pain or confusion suggesting organ damage
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
Before surgery, a nurse is asked to witness a patient’s consent. The patient was given a sedative 30 minutes ago. What should the nurse do?
- AWitness it and write “sedated” beside the signature
- BNot witness the consent and inform the surgeon
- CWitness it quickly before the sedative takes full effect
- DAsk a family member to sign on the patient’s behalf
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
An order reads “Give potassium chloride by IV push.” What should the nurse do?
- AGive it slowly by IV push over two minutes while watching the cardiac monitor
- BDilute it in a small syringe and push it
- CNot give it, and contact the prescriber, because it is never given by IV push
- DGive half by IV push and the rest later
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
Un paziente con tubercolosi polmonare attiva chiede che vengano a trovarlo dei visitatori. Qual è la risposta migliore?
- AChiedere ai visitatori di stare sulla soglia aperta invece di entrare nella stanza
- BSpiegare il rischio, limitare le visite e istruire i visitatori a usare la protezione fornita
- CFar entrare qualsiasi visitatore senza alcuna precauzione, per sostenere il paziente
- DVietare per sempre ogni contatto, comprese le telefonate
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?
- AAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed
- BBoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
- CFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique
- DFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A patient with jaundice and nausea has a positive IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HAV). What does this show?
- AImmunity from hepatitis A vaccine long ago
- BPast hepatitis B infection that has cleared
- CA current or recent hepatitis A infection
- DChronic hepatitis A lasting many years
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
A patient with sickle cell disease is admitted with a painful crisis. What is a key early nursing priority?
- ARestricting oral fluids
- BGiving prompt, effective analgesia
- CDelaying pain relief until a diagnosis is confirmed
- DApplying cold packs to the painful areas
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient suddenly develops a severe "worst ever" headache that reached full intensity within seconds, followed by vomiting and neck stiffness. What should be suspected?
- ASubarachnoid haemorrhage
- BSinusitis
- CTension headache
- DMigraine with aura in a known migraine sufferer
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Come va somministrata l'enoxaparina sottocutanea da una siringa preriempita?
- ANel muscolo deltoide, dopo aver prima espulso la bolla d'aria
- BNell'addome, lasciando la bolla d'aria, senza massaggiare
- CNella stessa sede addominale ogni giorno, poi massaggiata
- DCome bolo endovenoso rapido attraverso una cannula
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is increased on a ventilated patient, the blood pressure falls. What is the most likely reason?
- APEEP directly weakens the heart muscle and its contraction
- BHigher chest pressure reduces venous return to the heart
- CPEEP lowers the blood oxygen level
- DPEEP causes immediate blood loss from the alveolar capillaries
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Why are tacrolimus blood levels checked regularly?
- AToo high harms the kidney; too low risks rejection
- BThe drug only works if levels are as high as possible
- CThe levels show how much urine the kidney is making
- DThe levels show whether the patient has diabetes
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient with a brain injury has a mean arterial pressure of 80 mmHg and an ICP of 25 mmHg. How should the nurse interpret this?
- AThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 55 mmHg, below the usual target
- BThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 105 mmHg, which is too high
- CThe ICP cannot affect brain perfusion if the blood pressure is normal
- DThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 80 mmHg, which is normal
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?
- AWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
- BA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster
- CA wet wound bed always prevents infection
- DWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
Un paziente di 74 anni con malattia renale cronica ha un dolore intenso dopo un intervento. Quale aspetto degli oppioidi è più importante?
- AI metaboliti della morfina si accumulano, perciò può servire una dose più bassa o un altro oppioide
- BLa morfina è l'oppioide più sicuro nell'insufficienza renale, perciò le dosi si possono aumentare liberamente
- CLa funzione renale non influisce su come vengono gestiti gli oppioidi
- DGli oppioidi non vanno mai usati negli anziani, qualunque sia il dolore