1.Priorità e delegaMedia
Un infermiere delega i parametri vitali di routine a un assistente infermieristico per un paziente la cui pressione arteriosa cala da un'ora. Quale diritto della delega non è rispettato?
- AIndicazioni e comunicazione giuste
- BPersona giusta
- CCompito giusto, perché i parametri vitali non possono mai essere delegati
- DCircostanza giusta
2.Priorità e delegaDifficile
Un paziente riceve nutrizione parenterale attraverso un accesso venoso centrale. Quale reperto richiede un intervento immediato?
- AUna glicemia di 150 mg/dL (8,3 mmol/L) mentre l'infusione è in corso
- BUn aumento di peso di 0,2 kg da ieri
- CUna medicazione asciutta e integra sull'accesso
- DSudorazione, tremore e glicemia di 62 mg/dL (3,4 mmol/L) dopo che l'infusione si è interrotta inaspettatamente
3.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteMedia
Quando si apre un pacco sterile su un tavolo, quale lembo si apre per primo?
- AIl lembo più lontano dall'infermiere
- BTutti i lembi insieme
- CIl lembo più vicino all'infermiere
- DIl lembo laterale più facile da raggiungere
4.Controllo delle infezioni e sicurezza del pazienteDifficile
Patients contaminated with radioactive dust arrive at the hospital. Which step removes most of the external contamination?
- ARemoving the patient’s clothing
- BGiving the patient potassium iodide
- CScrubbing the skin until it is red
- DWrapping the patient in a blanket
5.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiMedia
A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?
- AReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
- BAny result outside the range always means disease is present
- CReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
- DRanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
6.Valori di laboratorio ed elettrolitiDifficile
A patient with chronic kidney disease stage 4 has a high phosphate, a low-normal calcium and a very high parathyroid hormone (PTH). What does this show?
- ASecondary hyperparathyroidism from CKD
- BPrimary hyperparathyroidism from a tumor
- CVitamin D toxicity from supplements
- DHypoparathyroidism after neck surgery
7.Infermieristica clinicaMedia
Which lifestyle advice helps a patient with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
- AAvoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
- BWear tight belts to support the stomach
- CEat one very large meal a day rather than several small ones
- DLie down straight after each meal to let the food settle
8.Infermieristica clinicaDifficile
A patient with known cirrhosis suddenly vomits large amounts of bright red blood and becomes tachycardic. What is the most likely cause?
- AA lower GI bleed from diverticular disease
- BA Mallory-Weiss tear from a small amount of vomiting
- CBleeding from ruptured oesophageal varices
- DSwallowed blood from a nosebleed
9.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaMedia
Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?
- AAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
- BA tall, thin young man who smokes
- CA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure
- DA child with a viral sore throat
10.Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoriaDifficile
A patient on an unfractionated heparin infusion has a nosebleed that will not stop, and the aPTT is far above the target range. What is the most appropriate action?
- AStop the infusion, inform the prescriber and anticipate protamine
- BIncrease the infusion, as the aPTT will settle
- CGive vitamin K and continue the infusion at a slightly lower rate
- DContinue the infusion at the same rate and pack the nose firmly
11.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleMedia
Come va riscaldato il liquido per dialisi peritoneale prima dell'uso?
- AVa usato freddo, direttamente dal frigorifero
- BIn un apposito scaldatore a calore secco
- CIn un forno a microonde
- DIn una ciotola di acqua calda del rubinetto
12.Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renaleDifficile
A patient arrives five hours after the onset of a stroke. A CT angiogram shows a blockage of a large artery in the brain. What is the most appropriate next step?
- AUrgent referral for assessment for mechanical thrombectomy
- BStart IV alteplase immediately without further imaging
- CNo treatment, because the time for any reperfusion has passed
- DGive aspirin and plan a review on the ward tomorrow
13.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaMedia
A nasogastric feeding tube appears blocked. What is usually the first step?
- ACut the end of the tube to release the blockage inside it
- BPush the guidewire back in to clear it
- CFlush gently with warm water in a 50 mL enteral syringe
- DUse a small 5 mL syringe with firm pressure
14.Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologicaDifficile
A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?
- ASimple dry skin
- BOsteomyelitis
- CA healing category 1 ulcer
- DVenous insufficiency