Scheda di esercizi di Infermieristica clinica con soluzioni

Which heart rhythm needs immediate defibrillation in a patient in cardiac arrest?

1. AAsystole
2. BFirst-degree heart block
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DVentricular fibrillation

Qual è la frequenza respiratoria normale a riposo in un adulto?

1. ACirca 12–20 atti al minuto
2. BCirca 40–50 atti al minuto
3. CCirca 4–8 atti al minuto
4. DCirca 25–35 atti al minuto

The term "tinnitus" means:

1. ALoss of balance and dizziness
2. BBlurred vision
3. CA blocked nose
4. DRinging or buzzing in the ears

Under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales), which principle applies?

1. ACapacity is decided by the next of kin, who must sign a form for every decision
2. BA person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is shown that they lack it
3. CEveryone over 75 is assumed to lack capacity
4. DA diagnosis of dementia means the person lacks capacity for all decisions

Why are older adults at higher risk of dehydration?

1. AThey always drink large amounts of tea
2. BTheir body water content increases with age
3. CTheir kidneys hold on to too much water
4. DTheir sense of thirst is often reduced

Why is oxygen often humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. ADry oxygen causes high blood glucose
2. BHumidification lowers the oxygen concentration to a safer level
3. CThe tube bypasses the nose, which normally warms and moistens air
4. DHumidity is needed for the oxygen to work as a drug

A patient who used sildenafil the day before develops chest pain. Why is glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, nitroglycerin) normally avoided?

1. ASildenafil stops GTN from being absorbed under the tongue at all
2. BThe combination causes severe hyperkalaemia
3. CGTN makes sildenafil toxic to the liver
4. DThe combination can cause a severe, dangerous fall in blood pressure

A patient is recognised by the team as being in the last days of life. Which approach is correct?

1. AStop all medicines, including pain relief and anti-sickness drugs
2. BReview and stop treatments that no longer help, and focus on comfort
3. CContinue all routine blood tests and observations four-hourly
4. DAvoid talking with the family about what is happening