Scheda di esercizi di Infermieristica clinica con soluzioni

What is the main purpose of an early warning score such as NEWS2?

1. ATo calculate a patient's medicine doses from their observations
2. BTo help detect clinical deterioration early and trigger a response
3. CTo measure how satisfied the patient is
4. DTo decide the patient's diet

Pain from gallstones (biliary colic) is typically felt in which area?

1. AThe right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal
2. BBehind the left knee
3. CThe lower back on the left, when walking
4. DThe left lower abdomen, usually after drinking water

A pneumothorax is:

1. AFluid in the alveoli, usually from heart failure
2. BAn infection of the lung tissue, usually caused by bacteria
3. CAir in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse
4. DA blood clot in the lung arteries

Which features suggest Cushing's syndrome?

1. ACoarse facial features and very large hands and feet
2. BWeight loss, heat intolerance, tremor and protruding eyes
3. CWeight gain around the trunk, a rounded face and thin, easily bruised skin
4. DDark skin, low blood pressure, salt craving and a low blood sodium level

Which advice should be given to a patient with a new permanent pacemaker?

1. AAvoid using all household electrical appliances such as kettles
2. BStop all heart medicines straight away
3. CTell staff about the pacemaker before any MRI scan or procedure
4. DNever raise the arm on that side again

Why are patients encouraged to use an incentive spirometer after abdominal surgery?

1. ATo measure their lung function so the result can go in the discharge letter
2. BTo strengthen the abdominal muscles around the wound
3. CTo lower their heart rate before mobilising
4. DTo encourage deep breaths that prevent atelectasis and chest infection

A hypotensive postoperative patient is given a fluid bolus. Which findings suggest a good response?

1. AThe heart rate rises further and the patient becomes more confused
2. BThe heart rate falls, blood pressure rises and urine output improves
3. CThe respiratory rate rises and new lung crackles appear
4. DThe capillary refill time becomes longer

Un paziente con pompa PCA di oppioidi ha una frequenza respiratoria di 7/min ed è difficile da risvegliare. Che cosa va fatto per prima cosa?

1. AIncoraggiare il paziente a premere più spesso il pulsante della PCA per stare meglio
2. BAumentare la dose del bolo PCA perché il paziente potrebbe avere dolore
3. CSospendere la PCA, stimolare il paziente, somministrare ossigeno e far somministrare naloxone
4. DRegistrare i parametri e ricontrollarli al prossimo giro delle quattro ore