Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Qual è un tipico intervallo di riferimento negli adulti per il potassio sierico?

1. A135–145 mEq/L
2. B6,0–8,0 mEq/L
3. C1,3–2,1 mEq/L
4. D3,5–5,0 mEq/L

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. ALow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
2. BBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover
3. CAcute damage to the heart muscle
4. DInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder

Qual è un tipico intervallo di riferimento negli adulti per l'azoto ureico ematico (BUN)?

1. ACirca 70–99 mg/dL (urea 25–35 mmol/L)
2. BCirca 0,6–1,2 mg/dL (urea 0,2–0,4 mmol/L)
3. CCirca 135–145 mg/dL (urea 48–52 mmol/L)
4. DCirca 7–20 mg/dL (urea 2,5–7,1 mmol/L)

A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?

1. AWeekly doses of oral vitamin K tablets
2. BLifelong vitamin B₁₂ replacement
3. CLifelong oral folic acid tablets only
4. DMonthly transfusions of red blood cells

Which blood collection practice helps prevent hemolysis of the sample?

1. ALeaving the tourniquet on for at least 3 minutes
2. BForcing blood quickly through a needle into the tube
3. CGently inverting the tubes instead of shaking them
4. DUsing the smallest needle available for every patient

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. APour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup
2. BRemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
3. CAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
4. DDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain

Durante un'infusione endovenosa di solfato di magnesio, quale valutazione rileva meglio precocemente la tossicità?

1. ARumori intestinali e circonferenza addominale
2. BColorito della cute e tempo di riempimento capillare ogni ora
3. CRiflessi rotulei, frequenza respiratoria e diuresi
4. DGlicemia e dimensione delle pupille ogni ora

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2,9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACentral diabetes insipidus
2. BPrimary adrenal insufficiency
3. CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
4. DPrimary hyperaldosteronism