Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
2. BThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
3. CThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
4. DThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB

What is a "critical value" (panic value) in laboratory reporting?

1. AA result that is normal but differs from the patient's last value
2. BA result so abnormal that it may threaten life and needs prompt action
3. CAny result that is slightly outside the laboratory reference range
4. DA result that the laboratory could not measure because of a bad sample

A laboratory reports that a blood sample is "hemolyzed." What does this mean?

1. AThe sample contains too many platelets
2. BThe sample was taken from an artery
3. CRed cells in the sample have broken open
4. DThe sample has a very low hemoglobin

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
2. BIron (low ferritin)
3. CFolate (folic acid)
4. DVitamin B₁₂

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3,0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the patient to surgery without comment
2. BReport it to the surgical team before surgery
3. CGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription
4. DRepeat the test after the surgery is finished

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13,0 to 11,4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. ADilution of the blood by the IV fluid
2. BIncreased red cell production
3. CA laboratory error in the first sample
4. DA sudden failure of the bone marrow

A woman with preeclampsia is receiving IV magnesium sulfate. Her urine output has fallen and her creatinine is rising. Why is this a concern?

1. AMagnesium is excreted by the kidneys, so it can build up to toxic levels
2. BMagnesium causes potassium loss, so the kidneys release more fluid
3. CPoor kidney function makes the magnesium level fall quickly
4. DMagnesium is broken down by the liver, so it will stop working soon

A patient with acute kidney injury has a potassium of 6,8 mEq/L despite medical treatment, a pH of 7,12 and pulmonary edema not responding to diuretics. Which treatment is most likely needed?

1. AA potassium supplement
2. BUrgent dialysis
3. CMore oral fluid
4. DAn IV magnesium dose