Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

A raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in an adult is most closely linked to which cancer?

1. AHepatocellular (liver) cancer
2. BDuctal breast cancer
3. CProstate adenocarcinoma
4. DBladder urothelial cancer

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
2. BIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level
3. CIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood
4. DIt has no effect on potassium in any amount

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
3. CHow many white cells are present in the sample
4. DWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it

A patient's potassium is 7,0 mEq/L. Which ECG change would the nurse expect?

1. ADelta waves before the QRS
2. BProminent U waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DFlattened T waves

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

1. AThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
2. BAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
3. CThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
4. DUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
3. CHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
4. DThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample

Which set of results best shows that diabetic ketoacidosis is resolving?

1. AA falling glucose with a falling serum bicarbonate
2. BA closing anion gap with a rising bicarbonate and pH
3. CA falling glucose with a still widening anion gap
4. DA rising potassium with a falling bicarbonate

A patient has a continuous heparin infusion for a pulmonary embolism. A new nurse plans to adjust the infusion using today's INR of 1,1. What should the experienced nurse explain?

1. AHeparin needs no laboratory monitoring once the infusion is started
2. BHeparin is adjusted using the aPTT or anti-Xa level, not the INR
3. CThe INR of 1,1 means the heparin rate must be doubled at once
4. DThe INR is the correct test, and 1,1 means heparin is therapeutic