Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Which drug commonly causes a low serum potassium?

1. ALisinopril
2. BFurosemide
3. CAmiloride
4. DSpironolactone

What is a typical reference range for the reticulocyte count in an adult?

1. AAbout 40–50% of red cells
2. BAbout 0,01–0,05% of red cells
3. CAbout 0,5–2% of red cells
4. DAbout 10–20% of red cells

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

1. ASerum creatinine and BUN
2. BGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
3. CCardiac troponin I or T
4. DSerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)

La glicemia a digiuno di un paziente oggi è 98 mg/dL (5,4 mmol/L), ma l'HbA1c è 8,9% (74 mmol/mol). Qual è l'interpretazione migliore?

1. AL'HbA1c riflette solo le ultime 24 ore
2. BIl buon risultato di oggi dimostra che il diabete è ben controllato
3. CIl paziente non ha il diabete
4. DIl controllo glicemico è stato scarso negli ultimi 2–3 mesi

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA high serum potassium
2. BA high serum calcium
3. CA low serum magnesium
4. DA low serum sodium

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. APlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
2. BIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
3. CThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
4. DPregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet
3. CSickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion
4. DG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis

A patient's results: sodium 140 mEq/L, chloride 100 mEq/L, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L. What is the anion gap, and what does it suggest?

1. A52 mEq/L, a very high anion gap
2. B12 mEq/L, a normal anion gap
3. C28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
4. D40 mEq/L, a high anion gap