Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

A urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of at least which value is usually called moderately increased albuminuria?

1. A3,000 mg/g (300 mg/mmol)
2. B30 mg/g (3 mg/mmol)
3. C3 mg/g (0,3 mg/mmol)
4. D300 mg/dL (3 mg/mL)

A laboratory reports that a blood sample is "hemolyzed." What does this mean?

1. AThe sample contains too many platelets
2. BRed cells in the sample have broken open
3. CThe sample was taken from an artery
4. DThe sample has a very low hemoglobin

Qual è un tipico intervallo di riferimento negli adulti per l'albumina sierica?

1. ACirca 8,5–10,5 g/dL (85–105 g/L)
2. BCirca 3,5–5,0 g/dL (35–50 g/L)
3. CCirca 12–16 g/dL (120–160 g/L)
4. DCirca 0,5–1,0 g/dL (5–10 g/L)

Quale trattamento abbassa il potassio sierico spostandolo all'interno delle cellule?

1. AIntegratori orali di cloruro di potassio
2. BInsulina regolare endovena somministrata con glucosio
3. CInfusione endovenosa di cloruro di sodio allo 0,45%
4. DCalcio gluconato endovena somministrato in 10 minuti

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA high serum potassium
2. BA low serum sodium
3. CA low serum magnesium
4. DA high serum calcium

A stable adult who is not bleeding receives one unit of packed red cells. By about how much is the hemoglobin expected to rise?

1. AAbout 5 g/dL (50 g/L)
2. BAbout 1 g/dL (10 g/L)
3. CAbout 0,1 g/dL (1 g/L)
4. DAbout 3 g/dL (30 g/L)

Two sets of blood cultures were taken from separate sites. Only one bottle in one set grows coagulase-negative staphylococci, and the patient has no line or implant. What is the most likely interpretation?

1. AProbable skin contamination of the sample
2. BProof that the patient has infective endocarditis
3. CCertain bloodstream infection needing treatment
4. DInfection with a resistant organism such as MRSA

Two days after bowel surgery, a patient with nasogastric suction has a distended abdomen, absent bowel sounds and muscle weakness. The potassium is 2,8 mEq/L. Which interpretation is best?

1. AHypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
2. BThe potassium is normal for the second day after surgery
3. CThe low potassium is due to the patient drinking too much water
4. DHyperkalemia from tissue damage is causing the bowel to stop