Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Which condition commonly causes a high serum potassium?

1. ASevere diarrhea
2. BKidney failure
3. CRepeated vomiting
4. DLoop diuretic use

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none
2. BPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen
3. CSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
4. DSerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid

Which substance contributes most to normal serum osmolality?

1. AGlucose in plasma
2. BPlasma albumin
3. CUrea (from BUN)
4. DSodium and its anions

Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?

1. ABoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
2. BAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed
3. CFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique
4. DFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run

A pregnant woman's blood type is O Rh-negative, and her antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) is negative. What is usually offered at about 28 weeks?

1. AA transfusion of group O Rh-positive red cells
2. BDaily oral iron and folic acid supplements only
3. CAnti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
4. DAn IV dose of vitamin K given for the fetus

A patient has taken hydrochlorothiazide for several years. Which laboratory change is a recognized effect of this drug?

1. AA rise in serum potassium
2. BA rise in serum uric acid
3. CA fall in blood glucose
4. DA fall in serum calcium

Which set of results most strongly suggests hemolytic anemia?

1. ALow hemoglobin, high MCV, low vitamin B₁₂, normal bilirubin
2. BLow hemoglobin, low platelets, low white cells, low reticulocytes
3. CLow hemoglobin, low reticulocytes, low MCV, low ferritin
4. DLow hemoglobin, high reticulocytes, high unconjugated bilirubin, high LDH

A patient with kidney stones and fatigue has a calcium of 11,6 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L), a high parathyroid hormone (PTH) and a low phosphate. Which condition is most likely?

1. AHypoparathyroidism
2. BPrimary hyperparathyroidism
3. CVitamin D deficiency
4. DCancer-related hypercalcemia