Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries
2. BHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease
3. CIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
4. DIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level

What is the main effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on serum calcium?

1. AIt only changes urine calcium
2. BIt lowers serum calcium
3. CIt has no effect on calcium
4. DIt raises serum calcium

What is the purpose of a type and crossmatch before a transfusion?

1. ATo measure how much iron is stored in the patient's bone marrow
2. BTo check that donor blood is compatible with the patient's blood
3. CTo find out how quickly the patient's blood forms a clot
4. DTo test the donor blood for bacterial contamination only

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum sodium, which may fall too low
2. BSerum calcium, which may rise too high
3. CSerum glucose, which may rise very high
4. DSerum potassium, which may rise too high

A patient with diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL (2,1 mmol/L). Which treatment is appropriate?

1. AA dose of rapid-acting insulin to stabilize the glucose
2. BGlucagon by injection, or IV dextrose as prescribed
3. COrange juice poured slowly into the patient's mouth
4. DGlucose tablets placed between the patient's teeth

Un livello valle di vancomicina è sopra l'intervallo target. Quale effetto avverso è la preoccupazione principale?

1. AUna conta piastrinica elevata (trombocitosi)
2. BStitichezza e gonfiore
3. CDanno renale (nefrotossicità)
4. DBassa glicemia (ipoglicemia)

Perché una creatinina normale può essere fuorviante in un anziano fragile con bassa massa muscolare?

1. AMeno muscolo produce meno creatinina, nascondendo la ridotta funzione renale
2. BUna creatinina normale dimostra sempre una funzione renale normale
3. CI livelli di creatinina non dipendono affatto dalla massa muscolare
4. DGli anziani hanno sempre una creatinina più alta dei giovani

A patient's AST is about twice the ALT, both moderately raised, and the GGT is high. Which cause is most likely?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis A
2. BAcute myocardial infarction
3. CGallstone blocking the bile duct
4. DAlcohol-related liver disease