Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Which statement about HDL cholesterol is correct?

1. AHigher levels are linked to a lower risk of heart disease
2. BIt is the same as the fasting triglyceride level
3. CIt should ideally be kept below 40 mg/dL (1,0 mmol/L)
4. DHigher levels are the main cause of plaque in the arteries

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person had hepatitis A in the past
2. BThe person has never met the virus
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination only

What does the specificity of a diagnostic test describe?

1. AThe total number of people who take the test each year
2. BThe cost of the test compared with other tests
3. CThe proportion of people with the disease who test positive
4. DThe proportion of people without the disease who test negative

A patient is on an IV insulin infusion protocol in the ICU. How often is the blood glucose usually checked?

1. AOnce a day before breakfast
2. BAbout every hour
3. COnly if symptoms occur
4. DOnce every 12 hours

A patient receives repeated nebulized albuterol (salbutamol) for severe asthma. Which laboratory change should the nurse watch for?

1. AA rise in serum calcium
2. BA fall in blood glucose
3. CA fall in serum potassium
4. DA rise in serum sodium

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂
2. BVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
3. CFolate (folic acid)
4. DIron (low ferritin)

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage
2. BIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
3. CBlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
4. DGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder

Quale quadro di risultati è coerente con la SIADH?

1. ASodio sierico alto, osmolalità sierica alta e urina molto diluita
2. BSodio sierico basso, osmolalità sierica bassa e urina concentrata
3. CSodio normale con urina molto diluita
4. DSodio sierico basso, osmolalità sierica alta e urina diluita