Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Which hemoglobin value in an adult man is within the typical reference range?

1. A20,5 g/dL (205 g/L)
2. B15,0 g/dL (150 g/L)
3. C5,5 g/dL (55 g/L)
4. D9,0 g/dL (90 g/L)

A raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in an adult is most closely linked to which cancer?

1. AProstate adenocarcinoma
2. BHepatocellular (liver) cancer
3. CBladder urothelial cancer
4. DDuctal breast cancer

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

1. AIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed
2. BIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease
3. CIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days
4. DIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues
2. BFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
3. CFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
4. DFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet

Which change in clotting tests is normal in late pregnancy?

1. APlatelets rise above 600 × 10³/µL
2. BFibrinogen and D-dimer rise
3. CaPTT doubles from baseline
4. DINR rises to about 3,0

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
2. BThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
3. CThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail
4. DThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low

A patient has marked generalized edema. Results show heavy proteinuria, serum albumin 1,8 g/dL (18 g/L) and total cholesterol 340 mg/dL (8,8 mmol/L). Which condition fits best?

1. APrerenal kidney injury
2. BNephrotic syndrome
3. CAcute pyelonephritis
4. DLiver cirrhosis only

Un paziente in infusione di eparina ha una conta piastrinica che scende da 260 a 110 × 10³/µL al giorno 7. Quale azione è più appropriata?

1. ANon fare nulla, perché la conta è ancora appena sopra 100 × 10³/µL
2. BSegnalarlo subito: è possibile una trombocitopenia indotta da eparina
3. CSomministrare una trasfusione di piastrine e continuare l'eparina
4. DContinuare l'infusione e aumentare la velocità secondo protocollo