Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. ARed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin
2. BProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver
3. CGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas
4. DFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A90 mL/min/1,73 m²
2. B45 mL/min/1,73 m²
3. C60 mL/min/1,73 m²
4. D15 mL/min/1,73 m²

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
2. BThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
3. CThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
4. DThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria

A pregnant woman's blood type is O Rh-negative, and her antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) is negative. What is usually offered at about 28 weeks?

1. ADaily oral iron and folic acid supplements only
2. BA transfusion of group O Rh-positive red cells
3. CAnti-D immunoglobulin (Rho(D) immune globulin)
4. DAn IV dose of vitamin K given for the fetus

Un paziente ha liquidi endovena in corso nell'avambraccio sinistro. Dove deve prelevare il campione di sangue l'infermiere?

1. AAppena sopra il sito dell'accesso endovenoso nello stesso braccio
2. BDal braccio opposto
3. CDa qualsiasi vena, perché il liquido non influisce sui risultati
4. DDalla cannula endovenosa mentre il liquido scorre

Un livello valle di vancomicina è sopra l'intervallo target. Quale effetto avverso è la preoccupazione principale?

1. AUna conta piastrinica elevata (trombocitosi)
2. BDanno renale (nefrotossicità)
3. CStitichezza e gonfiore
4. DBassa glicemia (ipoglicemia)

A patient with sepsis has the following new results. Which set best shows organ dysfunction?

1. APlatelets 70 × 10³/µL, creatinine doubled, bilirubin raised
2. BCalcium 9,4 mg/dL, phosphate 3,5 mg/dL, magnesium 1,9 mEq/L
3. CHemoglobin 12,5 g/dL, sodium 138 mEq/L, glucose 105 mg/dL
4. DWBC 11,5 × 10³/µL, potassium 4,2 mEq/L, albumin 3,8 g/dL

An 82-year-old woman without a catheter has a urine culture growing bacteria, but no fever, urinary symptoms or change in mental state. What is the best interpretation?

1. APyelonephritis, which needs admission and IV fluids today
2. BAsymptomatic bacteriuria, usually not treated with antibiotics
3. CA urinary tract infection that needs urgent IV antibiotics
4. DContamination, so the culture must be repeated every week