Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. AOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen
2. BPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
3. CYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
4. DImmature white blood cells released during infection

What is a typical reference range for urine specific gravity in an adult?

1. AAbout 1,040–1,060
2. BAbout 1,100–1,300
3. CAbout 1,005–1,030
4. DAbout 0,900–0,990

What does a creatinine clearance measured from a 24-hour urine collection estimate?

1. AThe rate of red cell production
2. BThe concentrating ability of the urine
3. CThe glomerular filtration rate
4. DThe amount of protein lost from the blood

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
2. BThe sodium always falls further
3. CThe sodium can rise too quickly
4. DThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply

A patient takes low-dose methotrexate weekly for rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests are monitored regularly?

1. ATroponin, creatine kinase and myoglobin
2. BSerum amylase, lipase and blood ketones
3. CSerum lithium, sodium and urine specific gravity
4. DComplete blood count, liver tests and kidney function

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings
2. BThe color proves blood is present in the urine
3. CThe color shows severe liver failure is present
4. DThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks

A patient using an insulin pump has a glucose of 300 mg/dL (16,7 mmol/L) that has not fallen 2 hours after a correction bolus through the pump. Blood ketones are 1,8 mmol/L. What is the most likely problem and action?

1. AInsulin overdose from the pump; suspend the pump and stop all insulin for a day
2. BInsulin delivery failure; inject a correction dose by pen and change the set
3. CRebound after a hypo; give fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
4. DNormal pump function; wait for the next mealtime bolus to lower the glucose

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AIV potassium
2. BOral iron
3. CIV thiamine
4. DIV insulin