Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

In a person with HIV infection, a CD4 count below which level defines AIDS?

1. A500 cells/µL
2. B200 cells/µL
3. C50 cells/µL
4. D1,000 cells/µL

A laboratory reports that a blood sample is "hemolyzed." What does this mean?

1. AThe sample was taken from an artery
2. BRed cells in the sample have broken open
3. CThe sample contains too many platelets
4. DThe sample has a very low hemoglobin

Quando si gonfia il bracciale della pressione sul braccio, la mano del paziente va in spasmo con il polso flesso. Quale disturbo elettrolitico suggerisce questo segno?

1. AIpernatriemia
2. BIpocalcemia
3. CIperkaliemia
4. DIpercalcemia

A patient has a calcium of 7,0 mg/dL (1,75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. ALimit dairy products until the level falls again
2. BEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium
3. CPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
4. DPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone

A patient with chronic kidney disease receives an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent such as epoetin alfa. Which assessments are most important?

1. ASerum glucose and ketones
2. BSerum amylase and lipase
3. CHemoglobin and blood pressure
4. DLiver enzymes and bilirubin

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3,0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. ARepeat the test after the surgery is finished
2. BSend the patient to surgery without comment
3. CGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription
4. DReport it to the surgical team before surgery

A patient with thalassemia major has received regular red cell transfusions for years. The ferritin is now very high. What does this most likely show, and what treatment is used?

1. AAcute infection, treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics
2. BLiver failure, treated with a liver transplant at once
3. CIron deficiency, treated with IV iron supplements
4. DIron overload, treated with iron chelation therapy

Un paziente con malattia renale cronica ha un fosfato di 7,2 mg/dL (2,3 mmol/L). Quale educazione dietetica è più appropriata?

1. AAssumere integratori di calcio a stomaco vuoto al posto del legante
2. BAumentare latte e formaggio per proteggere le ossa dalla perdita di calcio
3. CLimitare gli alimenti ricchi di fosfato, come cibi lavorati e cola
4. DBere più bibite tipo cola per restare idratati