Scheda di esercizi di Valori di laboratorio ed elettroliti con soluzioni

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. APlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen
2. BSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
3. CSerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none
4. DSerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A40 mg/dL (2,2 mmol/L)
2. B126 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L)
3. C100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L)
4. D70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) means that:

1. AThe red cells are larger than normal (macrocytic)
2. BThe red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)
3. CThe red cells contain more hemoglobin than normal
4. DThe bone marrow is making too many white cells

A patient with central diabetes insipidus starts desmopressin. Which laboratory result is most important to monitor for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum glucose, which may rise very high
2. BSerum calcium, which may rise too high
3. CSerum sodium, which may fall too low
4. DSerum potassium, which may rise too high

A patient with joint aches has a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test. Which statement is correct?

1. AA positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
2. BA positive ANA rules out all other autoimmune diseases
3. CA positive ANA proves the patient has rheumatoid arthritis
4. DA positive ANA means the patient has a viral infection

Un paziente riceve enoxaparina sottocute (un'eparina a basso peso molecolare). Quale affermazione sul monitoraggio è corretta?

1. ANessun aPTT di routine; si controllano invece piastrine e funzione renale
2. BL'INR si usa per regolare ogni dose, come con il warfarin
3. CL'aPTT deve essere controllato ogni 6 ore per regolare la dose
4. DNon servono mai esami del sangue di alcun tipo

A patient on clozapine reports a sore throat and fever. The ANC is 400/µL (0,4 × 10⁹/L). What should the nurse do?

1. AHold the clozapine and report the result at once
2. BGive the next dose and recheck the ANC next month
3. CGive the dose with food to protect the stomach
4. DHalve the dose and give it with a throat lozenge

Un paziente malnutrito ricomincia a mangiare e al giorno 3 ha un fosfato di 1,2 mg/dL (0,39 mmol/L) con debolezza muscolare e mancanza di respiro. Qual è il rischio principale?

1. AMuscoli respiratori deboli e scompenso cardiaco da fosfato basso
2. BIperkaliemia causata dal rilascio di potassio dalle cellule
3. CRapido aumento di peso, ma nessun pericolo serio
4. DCalcoli renali da calcio rilasciato dalle ossa