Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. AHouse dust mite
2. BEating rice
3. CWearing cotton clothes
4. DDrinking water

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
2. BA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
3. CA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture
4. DA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque

Perché ai pazienti con BPCO si insegna la respirazione a labbra socchiuse?

1. AAumenta il contenuto di ossigeno dell'aria inspirata
2. BRafforza il diaframma durante l'inspirazione
3. CMantiene aperte le piccole vie aeree durante l'espirazione
4. DRiduce lo stimolo della tosse durante il giorno

Quale affermazione sugli anticoagulanti orali diretti come apixaban e rivaroxaban è corretta?

1. AServono controlli settimanali dell'INR, come con il warfarin
2. BLe dosi dimenticate non contano perché agiscono per settimane
3. CNessun controllo routinario dell'INR, ma le dosi dipendono dalla funzione renale
4. DIl loro effetto si inverte somministrando vitamina K

A patient's blood pressure is high in clinic but normal on home readings. Which step best confirms the diagnosis?

1. AAmbulatory or structured home blood pressure monitoring
2. BStarting two antihypertensive drugs at once at full dose
3. CA single repeat reading in the same clinic visit
4. DA chest X-ray

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone
2. BStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
3. CStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
4. DWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly

A patient with pneumonia has a temperature of 39 °C, pain and a sinus tachycardia of 122/min. BP is normal. What is the best way to manage the heart rate?

1. AArrange urgent electrical cardioversion to restore a normal rate
2. BTreat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
3. CGive IV adenosine
4. DGive a beta-blocker to bring the heart rate below 100/min

An older patient's varicose vein bursts at the ankle and bleeds heavily. What is the most effective first aid?

1. AKeep the leg hanging down over the bed
2. BLie the patient down, raise the leg and press firmly on the site
3. CStand the patient up so the blood flows away and clots faster
4. DApply a hot compress to the leg to help the vein close up