Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Where does gas exchange between air and blood take place in the lungs?

1. AIn the trachea
2. BIn the main bronchi
3. CIn the alveoli
4. DIn the pleural space

What is atelectasis?

1. AFluid in the space around the lung
2. BInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus
3. CNarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle
4. DCollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air

Che cos'è l'oscillazione ("swinging", tidaling) nella camera del sigillo idrico di un drenaggio toracico?

1. ACoaguli di sangue che si spostano lungo il tubo di drenaggio
2. BUn gorgoglio continuo, che il paziente respiri o no
3. CIl livello del liquido che sale e scende con il respiro
4. DIl sistema di drenaggio che dondola quando il paziente cammina

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ATake a beta-blocker before exercise
2. BExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
3. CAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
4. DUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up

How should a patient breathe in when using a pressurised metered-dose inhaler without a spacer?

1. ASlowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold the breath
2. BIn short gasps through the nose while pressing the canister
3. CNormally, while breathing out through the mouthpiece
4. DAs hard and fast as possible, then press the canister afterwards

Dopo l'impianto di un pacemaker permanente, quale istruzione si dà comunemente per le prime settimane?

1. ANon fare la doccia né lavarsi per sei settimane
2. BEvitare di sollevare il braccio di quel lato sopra l'altezza della spalla
3. CTenere il braccio completamente immobile in un tutore per sei mesi o più
4. DMassaggiare con forza la ferita due volte al giorno

A patient taking warfarin for AF falls and hits their head. An hour later they are drowsy and have vomited. What is the priority?

1. AGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and a light meal
2. BEncourage sleep and check observations at the next routine time
3. CUrgent escalation for CT of the head and anticoagulant reversal
4. DWithhold tonight's warfarin and review tomorrow

During CPR on an adult, a nurse notices a colleague compressing at about 140/min and leaning on the chest between compressions. Which correction is most appropriate?

1. ASpeed up to about 160/min to improve the blood flow
2. BPress more gently, to a depth of about 2 cm
3. CSlow to 100–120/min and allow full chest recoil
4. DStop compressions until a pulse is felt