Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

How should glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) sublingual tablets be stored?

1. AIn direct sunlight on the windowsill
2. BIn their original container, away from heat and light
3. CLoose in a pocket or a plastic pill box for easy access
4. DIn the fridge, mixed in one bottle with their other tablets

Which three symptoms are classic in severe aortic stenosis?

1. AExertional chest pain, fainting and breathlessness
2. BFever, painful swollen joints and a spreading skin rash
3. CCalf pain, leg swelling and redness of one leg
4. DWheeze, cough and clear sputum

Qual è l'intervallo di flusso abituale per l'ossigeno con una normale cannula nasale negli adulti?

1. A1–6 L/min
2. B10–15 L/min
3. C20–40 L/min
4. D0,1–0,2 L/min

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
2. BHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
3. CHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
4. DHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

1. AGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
2. BA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals
3. CGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
4. DLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

Which task for a stable patient with heart failure can the registered nurse most appropriately delegate to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AMeasuring and recording the morning weight
2. BAssessing lung sounds for new crackles
3. CDeciding whether to give the furosemide dose
4. DTeaching the patient about a low-salt diet

Un paziente con BPCO è dispnoico con SpO₂ 84% in aria ambiente. L'emogasanalisi mostra pH 7,30 e PaCO₂ elevata nonostante una terapia medica ottimale. Quale trattamento verrà probabilmente preso in considerazione?

1. ASedazione EV per rallentare la frequenza respiratoria
2. BSospensione dei broncodilatatori nebulizzati
3. CVentilazione non invasiva (NIV)
4. DOssigeno ad alta concentrazione con maschera senza reinalazione