Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7,50–7,65
2. B7,35–7,45
3. C7,00–7,20
4. D6,80–7,00

What is the pulse pressure?

1. AThe pressure measured in the right atrium at rest
2. BThe average arterial pressure over one whole cardiac cycle
3. CThe difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures
4. DThe number of pulse beats counted in one minute

Legionnaires' disease is usually acquired from which source?

1. AMosquito bites when travelling in warm, humid countries
2. BContact with cats' litter trays while cleaning them at home
3. CContaminated water systems such as cooling towers and showers
4. DEating undercooked chicken or eggs bought from a market stall

After an acute coronary syndrome, a patient with a normal cholesterol level is prescribed a high-intensity statin. Why?

1. AStatins work as painkillers for chest pain
2. BStatins are given after an ACS mainly to lower the blood pressure
3. CStatins are needed only if the cholesterol level is very high
4. DStatins reduce further events whatever the starting cholesterol

Shortly after a permanent pacemaker is inserted via the subclavian vein, the patient becomes breathless with reduced breath sounds on that side. What complication should be suspected?

1. AAsthma
2. BPneumothorax
3. CPulmonary oedema
4. DPericarditis

How does digoxin help a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure?

1. AIt lowers potassium to stabilise the heart
2. BIt dissolves clots that have formed in the left atrium
3. CIt speeds conduction through the AV node to the ventricles
4. DIt slows AV node conduction and increases contractility

Un paziente con BPCO è dispnoico con SpO₂ 84% in aria ambiente. L'emogasanalisi mostra pH 7,30 e PaCO₂ elevata nonostante una terapia medica ottimale. Quale trattamento verrà probabilmente preso in considerazione?

1. ASedazione EV per rallentare la frequenza respiratoria
2. BSospensione dei broncodilatatori nebulizzati
3. CVentilazione non invasiva (NIV)
4. DOssigeno ad alta concentrazione con maschera senza reinalazione

Un paziente con dolore toracico ha sopraslivellamento del tratto ST nelle derivazioni II, III e aVF. PA 86/54 mmHg, polmoni liberi e vene del collo distese. Quale farmaco prescritto deve mettere in discussione l'infermiere?

1. AAspirina 300 mg masticata
2. BOssigeno se la SpO₂ scende sotto il target
3. CNitroglicerina sublinguale
4. DUn antiemetico EV