Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which colour change is typical of Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AFingers stay red and hot for several days
2. BFingers turn white, then blue, then red
3. CThe whole arm turns pale and then black
4. DFingers turn yellow, then green, then brown

Che cos'è l'oscillazione ("swinging", tidaling) nella camera del sigillo idrico di un drenaggio toracico?

1. ACoaguli di sangue che si spostano lungo il tubo di drenaggio
2. BIl livello del liquido che sale e scende con il respiro
3. CUn gorgoglio continuo, che il paziente respiri o no
4. DIl sistema di drenaggio che dondola quando il paziente cammina

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe mean arterial pressure
2. BThe diastolic pressure
3. CThe pulse pressure
4. DThe systolic pressure

Which foot care advice is correct for a patient with peripheral arterial disease?

1. AUse a hot water bottle on the feet at night
2. BCheck the feet daily and wear well-fitting shoes
3. CWalk barefoot at home to strengthen the feet
4. DCut corns with a razor blade to prevent pressure

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. AHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
2. BBelow 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion
3. CNormal, because the target is 0,1 mL/kg/h
4. DNormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring

A patient is starting doxazosin, an alpha-blocker, for hypertension. Which advice is most important?

1. ATake it with a large glass of grapefruit juice to improve absorption
2. BTake the first dose at bedtime, as dizziness and fainting can occur
3. CStop it suddenly if the heart rate rises after the first few doses
4. DAvoid all potassium-containing foods

A patient who has had a total laryngectomy becomes breathless and needs oxygen. How should it be given?

1. AVia a non-rebreather mask over the mouth only
2. BVia nasal cannula at 2 L/min
3. CVia a mask or humidified device over the neck stoma
4. DVia a standard face mask over the nose and mouth

A patient with a large pericardial effusion has a systolic pressure that falls by more than 10 mmHg during inspiration. What is this finding called?

1. APulsus paradoxus
2. BA pulse deficit
3. CA collapsing pulse
4. DPulsus alternans