Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. AA high-salt diet
2. BDrinking coffee
3. CSmoking tobacco
4. DLack of sleep

Quale modifica alimentare abbassa di più la pressione arteriosa?

1. AMeno sale e più frutta e verdura
2. BPiù carne rossa e meno pane
3. CPiù succo di frutta e meno acqua
4. DPiù caffè e meno bibite gassate zuccherate

Which organism causes tuberculosis?

1. APseudomonas aeruginosa
2. BMycobacterium tuberculosis
3. CCorynebacterium diphtheriae
4. DStaphylococcus aureus

La pressione arteriosa di un paziente è 200/125 mmHg con nuova confusione e visione offuscata. Come va di solito abbassata?

1. APer niente, perché il cervello ora dipende dalla pressione alta
2. BIl più rapidamente possibile, fino a un valore normale in pochi minuti
3. CCon una nuova compressa per via orale e controllo tra una settimana
4. DCon farmaci EV titolati, di circa il 25% al massimo nella prima ora

Which finding shows that long-standing hypertension has caused target organ damage?

1. AA heart rate of 72/min
2. BA normal fasting glucose
3. CLeft ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG
4. DClear lung fields on the chest X-ray

How should a patient breathe in when using a pressurised metered-dose inhaler without a spacer?

1. ASlowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold the breath
2. BIn short gasps through the nose while pressing the canister
3. CAs hard and fast as possible, then press the canister afterwards
4. DNormally, while breathing out through the mouthpiece

An older ex-smoker has a dry cough and worsening breathlessness over a year, finger clubbing and fine "Velcro-like" crackles at both bases at the end of inspiration. Which condition is most likely?

1. ASpontaneous pneumothorax
2. BAn acute asthma attack
3. CIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4. DCommunity-acquired pneumonia

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling
2. BA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein
3. CExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound
4. DCramp from lying still in bed