Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which description best fits asthma?

1. AScarring of the lung tissue that makes the lungs stiff and small
2. BAirway inflammation with variable, reversible airflow obstruction
3. CPermanent destruction of the alveolar walls caused by smoking
4. DA bacterial infection of the alveoli

Quale esame del sangue è più specifico per il danno al muscolo cardiaco?

1. ATroponina cardiaca
2. BProteina C-reattiva
3. CCreatinchinasi (totale)
4. DLattato deidrogenasi

What is pitting oedema?

1. ARedness of the skin that turns white when it is pressed
2. BA small sore that forms on the shin
3. CSwelling that is hard and does not dent at all when pressed
4. DSwelling that keeps a dent for a while after firm pressure

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
2. BHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
3. CHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
4. DHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries

Un paziente con tachicardia sopraventricolare deve ricevere adenosina EV. Su che cosa deve avvisarlo l'infermiere?

1. AUn mal di testa che dura diversi giorni dopo
2. BUn dolore urente lungo la vena del braccio per circa una settimana
3. CBreve rossore o senso di costrizione toracica e una pausa di alcuni secondi
4. DDiverse ore di sonnolenza, eloquio confuso e confusione dopo

Un paziente ha una fibrillazione atriale da più di 48 ore ed è in lista per una cardioversione elettiva. Perché serve prima l'anticoagulazione?

1. AGli anticoagulanti riportano la FA al ritmo sinusale
2. BI coaguli atriali possono staccarsi quando torna il ritmo sinusale
3. CGli anticoagulanti rendono la scarica meno dolorosa
4. DGli anticoagulanti riducono l'energia elettrica necessaria per la scarica

After a fall onto the chest, part of a patient's chest wall moves inward when they breathe in and outward when they breathe out. What does this indicate?

1. ANormal chest movement caused by pain on breathing
2. BA flail chest from ribs broken in more than one place
3. CA single simple rib fracture with no lung injury
4. DA large pleural effusion pressing on the chest wall

A fit 24-year-old marathon runner has a resting heart rate of 46/min on admission for minor surgery. He has no dizziness, chest pain or breathlessness, and his BP is 118/70 mmHg. What is the appropriate response?

1. AGive IV atropine straight away to bring the rate above 60/min
2. BStart chest compressions
3. CCancel the surgery and arrange a permanent pacemaker urgently
4. DDocument and report it, as this is often normal in an athlete