Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which serious complication is strongly linked with untreated hypertension?

1. ACataract
2. BAsthma
3. CPneumonia
4. DStroke

What is the pleura?

1. AThe cartilage rings of the trachea
2. BThe dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen
3. CThe tiny air sacs at the ends of the airways where gas exchange happens
4. DA double membrane lining the lungs and the inner chest wall

Which organism causes tuberculosis?

1. APseudomonas aeruginosa
2. BMycobacterium tuberculosis
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DCorynebacterium diphtheriae

Which investigation is most often used to confirm a pulmonary embolism?

1. APeak flow measurement
2. BAbdominal ultrasound
3. CSputum culture
4. DCT pulmonary angiography

A patient has chest pain at rest in the early morning with brief ST elevation that resolves. Coronary arteries are later found to be clear. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAortic stenosis
2. BVasospastic (Prinzmetal) angina
3. CAcute pericarditis
4. DStable exertional angina from a fixed plaque

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver
2. BThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
3. CThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
4. DThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma

A patient with asthma needs their reliever every three hours and their peak flow is falling well below their personal best. What does their action plan most likely advise?

1. AWait two weeks to see whether it improves without any change
2. BFollow the worsening-asthma steps and get a same-day review
3. CDo extra exercise to open the airways
4. DStop the preventer inhaler for a few days to rest the lungs

As the defibrillator charges, a nurse sees a colleague still holding the patient's bed rail. What should the nurse do?

1. ADeliver the shock now, as the bed rail is not part of the patient
2. BCall clearly for everyone to stand clear and check before the shock
3. CAsk the colleague to hold the patient's hand instead
4. DTurn off the defibrillator and start a new cycle of CPR