Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Qual è il momento migliore per pesare ogni giorno un paziente con scompenso cardiaco?

1. AOgni volta che il paziente riferisce più mancanza di respiro
2. BOgni mattina dopo aver urinato, prima di colazione, sulla stessa bilancia
3. COgni sera dopo il pasto principale, con gli stessi vestiti del giorno
4. DUna volta alla settimana, sulla bilancia del reparto che capita di essere libera

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
2. BIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
3. CIt divides the trachea into two bronchi
4. DIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 1,5 litres
2. BAbout 50 mL
3. CAbout 5 litres
4. DAbout 500 mL

Which position is usually best for the legs of a patient with chronic venous insufficiency and ankle swelling?

1. ACrossed at the knees while sitting
2. BRaised above the level of the heart when resting
3. CHanging down over the side of the bed
4. DKept still in a standing position for long periods

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. ASleep only on the stomach to protect the wound
2. BAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
3. CAvoid walking until the stitches are removed
4. DLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest

Which emergency equipment should be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AA urinary catheter set, a blood glucose meter and a thermometer
2. BA nasogastric tube and a feeding pump
3. CSpare tubes (same size and one smaller), suction and oxygen
4. DOnly a spare oxygen mask, since the tube rarely causes problems

Un paziente in fibrillazione atriale ha una frequenza cardiaca di 165/min, PA 78/45 mmHg, dolore toracico e nuova confusione. Quale trattamento deve prevedere l'infermiere?

1. ADefibrillazione non sincronizzata come nell'arresto cardiaco
2. BCardioversione elettrica sincronizzata urgente
3. CBisoprololo per via orale e rivalutazione al mattino
4. DAtropina EV per migliorare la pressione arteriosa

A patient on a morphine PCA after surgery is very drowsy, with a respiratory rate of 7/min and pinpoint pupils. SpO₂ is 89%. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive a sedative to keep the patient comfortable
2. BLeave the patient to sleep and recheck the observations in an hour
3. CEncourage the patient to keep pressing the PCA button for comfort
4. DStop the PCA, support breathing, give oxygen and get naloxone