Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which group of symptoms is typical of pulmonary tuberculosis?

1. ACalf pain, leg swelling and redness
2. BSharp chest pain only when lying flat on the back
3. CSudden wheeze, itching and a raised skin rash
4. DLong-lasting cough, night sweats and weight loss

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. AA high-salt diet
2. BDrinking coffee
3. CLack of sleep
4. DSmoking tobacco

What is an aneurysm?

1. AAn abnormal bulging of a weakened artery wall
2. BA complete blockage of an artery by plaque
3. CA blood clot in a deep vein
4. DA tear in the inner lining of a vein

Why is aspirin chewed rather than swallowed whole in a suspected acute coronary syndrome?

1. AChewing changes aspirin into an anticoagulant
2. BWhole aspirin tablets cannot be absorbed at all from the gut
3. CChewing stops the aspirin from irritating the lining of the stomach
4. DChewing speeds absorption, giving a faster antiplatelet effect

A patient choosing between a mechanical and a biological heart valve asks about the main difference. Which answer is accurate?

1. AMechanical valves last longer but need lifelong anticoagulation
2. BBiological valves last longer but need lifelong warfarin
3. CMechanical valves wear out within one year
4. DBoth types need no medicines after surgery

Un paziente con dolore toracico chiede nitroglicerina. Quale informazione significa che l'infermiere deve sospenderla e contattare il prescrittore?

1. ALa pressione arteriosa del paziente è 150/90 mmHg
2. BIl paziente ha avuto mal di testa la settimana scorsa
3. CIl paziente assume una statina ogni giorno
4. DIl paziente ha assunto sildenafil oggi

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

1. AStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur
2. BUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect
3. CTake two pills a day to make up for the drug
4. DContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs

Un paziente con polmonite in ossigeno nasale ad alto flusso a 50 L/min con FiO₂ 0,6 ha SpO₂ 90%, FR 34/min e usa i muscoli accessori. Qual è l'azione più appropriata?

1. APassare a una cannula nasale a 4 L/min per ridurre la secchezza nasale
2. BAllertare urgentemente la terapia intensiva per rivalutare il supporto respiratorio
3. CProseguire con lo stesso supporto e ricontrollare dopo quattro ore
4. DFar sdraiare il paziente perché riposino i muscoli respiratori