Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: cardiovascolare e respiratoria con soluzioni

Which organism is the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia?

1. AEscherichia coli
2. BClostridioides difficile
3. CCandida albicans
4. DStreptococcus pneumoniae

Quale effetto collaterale della nitroglicerina (trinitrato di glicerile) è il più comune?

1. ACefalea
2. BGonfiore alle caviglie
3. CTosse secca
4. DStitichezza

What does "pleuritic" chest pain mean?

1. ADull pressure that spreads to the jaw on exertion
2. BBurning pain behind the breastbone after meals
3. CAching that is worse when the arm is moved
4. DSharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AThe reading will be falsely low
2. BOnly the pulse rate will be affected
3. CThe reading will be falsely high
4. DThe reading will be accurate but slower

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. AThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth
2. BSlowly and gently over about ten seconds
3. CQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device
4. DSeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths

In heart failure, why does activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system worsen symptoms over time?

1. AIt lowers the blood pressure to very low levels over time
2. BIt makes the kidneys pass too much dilute urine each day
3. CIt slows the heart rate dangerously
4. DIt causes sodium and water retention and vasoconstriction

A patient on a morphine PCA after surgery is very drowsy, with a respiratory rate of 7/min and pinpoint pupils. SpO₂ is 89%. What should the nurse do first?

1. AEncourage the patient to keep pressing the PCA button for comfort
2. BGive a sedative to keep the patient comfortable
3. CLeave the patient to sleep and recheck the observations in an hour
4. DStop the PCA, support breathing, give oxygen and get naloxone

Il drenaggio toracico di un paziente viene sfilato accidentalmente. Qual è l'azione immediata?

1. ASigillare il sito con una medicazione occlusiva sterile e chiedere aiuto
2. BChiedere al paziente di tossire forte per espandere il polmone
3. CLasciare il foro scoperto così l'aria intrappolata può uscire
4. DSpingere il drenaggio di nuovo nel torace e fissarlo con del cerotto