Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologica con soluzioni

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ABecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
2. BBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
3. CBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
4. DSo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately

Using the rule of nines in an adult, what percentage is the whole head and neck?

1. A1%
2. B4,5%
3. C9%
4. D18%

Why is a temporary loop ileostomy often formed after a low bowel resection?

1. ATo divert stool while the join further down heals
2. BTo let the patient eat without chewing
3. CTo remove the whole colon permanently in a single operation
4. DTo drain urine from the kidneys

Why is IV albumin often given after a large-volume paracentesis?

1. ATo prevent low blood pressure and kidney injury from fluid shifts
2. BTo treat infection in the ascitic fluid
3. CTo replace the clotting factors and platelets lost in the drained fluid
4. DTo raise the blood glucose after the procedure

Which group of findings suggests obstruction of the bile duct?

1. ARed urine, black stools and a high blood glucose
2. BJaundice, dark urine, pale stools and itching
3. CNormal skin colour with diarrhoea and fever
4. DPale urine, dark stools and a flapping tremor

Quale problema elettrolitico può verificarsi nella pancreatite acuta grave?

1. AIpernatremia
2. BIpocalcemia
3. CIperkaliemia
4. DIpercalcemia

A patient with active cancer on chemotherapy develops new swelling and pain in one calf. Why must this be reported promptly?

1. ACalf swelling is a normal effect of chemotherapy
2. BIt is only a muscle strain from walking
3. CCancer and its treatment greatly increase clot risk
4. DThe swelling shows the cancer has gone

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has a falling urine output and a rising creatinine. They have not received nephrotoxic drugs and are not dehydrated. Which complication is likely?

1. APolycystic kidney disease
2. BHepatorenal syndrome
3. CUrinary tract infection
4. DNephrotic syndrome