Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologica con soluzioni

What is adjuvant chemotherapy?

1. ATreatment after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence
2. BTreatment given before a biopsy is taken
3. CTreatment given only to relieve symptoms
4. DTreatment given only to patients who refuse surgery or radiotherapy

Quale è una delle cause più comuni di cirrosi epatica?

1. AUn singolo episodio di intossicazione alimentare
2. BAnemia da carenza di ferro
3. CUso prolungato e massiccio di alcol
4. DUna dieta ricca di frutta e fibre

What is the basic idea of the WHO analgesic ladder?

1. AUse only one drug at a time, never in combination
2. BGive analgesia only when the patient asks for it
3. CAlways start with the strongest opioid available and then reduce it slowly
4. DStep up from non-opioids to weak, then strong, opioids as needed

Quale approccio alla trasfusione di globuli rossi in un paziente stabile con emorragia GI è coerente con le evidenze attuali?

1. AUna soglia restrittiva, spesso circa 70 g/L, nella maggior parte dei pazienti stabili
2. BNon trasfondere mai, qualunque sia l'emoglobina o i sintomi
3. CTrasfondere tutti per mantenere sempre l'emoglobina sopra 150 g/L
4. DTrasfondere due unità di routine prima di ogni endoscopia

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. ASet up a private setting with enough time
2. BGive all treatment options before checking understanding
3. CAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told
4. DGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred to the rule of nines for children?

1. AIt is used only for burns of the hands
2. BIt adjusts for body proportions that change with age
3. CIt counts superficial burns as well
4. DIt is faster to use than any other method of estimation

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."
2. B"I'll change the injection site each day."
3. C"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."
4. D"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."

A patient with advanced cancer who has capacity decides to stop chemotherapy. The family insists that treatment must continue. What should the nurse do?

1. AAsk the family to sign a new consent form
2. BContinue treatment because the family has asked for it
3. CSupport the patient's decision and help the team talk with the family
4. DTell the patient that stopping is not allowed