Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: gastrointestinale, perioperatoria e oncologica con soluzioni

Quale esame del sangue si usa comunemente per diagnosticare la pancreatite acuta?

1. ABilirubina oltre tre volte il limite superiore normale
2. BLivello dell'ormone tireostimolante
3. CLipasi o amilasi oltre 3 volte il normale
4. DTroponina oltre il 99° percentile

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation limited to the oesophagus
2. BPatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus
3. CContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum
4. DInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel

What is the main serious risk of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AStomach bleeding
2. BHearing loss
3. CRespiratory depression
4. DLiver damage

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt speeds up emptying of the stomach
2. BIt blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells
3. CIt kills H. pylori in the stomach lining
4. DIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test
2. BDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation
3. CEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
4. DTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly
2. BThe patient is allergic to opioids
3. CThe drug no longer has any side effects
4. DThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm

Un paziente con encefalopatia epatica è irrequieto di notte. Viene proposta una benzodiazepina per dormire. Che cosa deve fare l'infermiere?

1. ASomministrarla, perché il fegato non influenza i sedativi
2. BMetterla in discussione, perché i sedativi possono peggiorare l'encefalopatia
3. CSomministrarla a dose doppia del solito per assicurare il sonno
4. DSomministrarla e sospendere il lattulosio per evitare la diarrea

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
2. BStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
3. CGive the next medicines through the tube as usual
4. DContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing