Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. AFirst-degree heart block
2. BAtrial fibrillation
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DSinus arrhythmia

Qual è il tipo di ictus più comune?

1. AIctus ischemico da arteria ostruita
2. BTrombosi dei seni venosi cerebrali
3. CEmorragia subaracnoidea da aneurisma
4. DIctus emorragico da arteria rotta

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. AGetting lost in places that were familiar
2. BA sudden onset with attention that comes and goes
3. CDifficulty finding the right words
4. DMemory problems in a person over the age of 75

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
2. BThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
3. CHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
4. DHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain

Un paziente in terapia con carbimazolo per ipertiroidismo riferisce mal di gola e febbre. Che cosa deve fare l'infermiere?

1. AConsigliare gargarismi con acqua salata e proseguire il farmaco per una settimana
2. BRichiedere con urgenza un emocromo completo per cercare un'agranulocitosi
3. CRaddoppiare la dose per controllare più velocemente la tiroide
4. DRassicurare il paziente, perché il farmaco non ha effetti collaterali gravi sul sangue

Quale reperto urinario distingue meglio il diabete insipido dalla SIADH?

1. AEntrambe le condizioni danno urina molto concentrata
2. BIl DI dà glucosio nelle urine; la SIADH dà proteine
3. CIl DI dà urina concentrata; la SIADH dà urina diluita
4. DIl DI dà urina diluita; la SIADH dà urina concentrata

Six hours after a catheter is removed, a patient has not passed urine and feels uncomfortable. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to drink two litres of water quickly
2. BWait until the next morning before checking
3. CPut the catheter back without assessing
4. DDo a bladder scan to check for retention

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. AAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts
2. BIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
3. CTell the patient that crying will slow their recovery
4. DExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand