Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Quale livello di glicemia si usa comunemente per definire l'ipoglicemia in una persona con diabete?

1. AInferiore a 7,0 mmol/L (circa 126 mg/dL)
2. BInferiore a 1,0 mmol/L (circa 18 mg/dL)
3. CInferiore a 4,0 mmol/L (circa 70 mg/dL)
4. DInferiore a 10 mmol/L (circa 180 mg/dL)

The nurse asks a patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance. Which cranial nerve is being tested?

1. AHypoglossal nerve (XII)
2. BTrigeminal nerve (V)
3. CAccessory nerve (XI)
4. DFacial nerve (VII)

How should a patient collect a midstream urine sample?

1. ALet the first part go in the toilet, then catch the middle
2. BCollect urine over 24 hours into one bottle
3. CCollect urine from the toilet bowl afterwards
4. DCollect the very first drops into the container

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. ASkin cancer
2. BKidney stones
3. CHair loss
4. DGout

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AA blood pressure slightly above the baseline
2. BMild pain at the incision site
3. CAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing
4. DA small amount of dried blood on the dressing

Why may a person with long-standing diabetes have a heart attack without typical chest pain?

1. AInsulin acts as a strong painkiller
2. BNerve damage can blunt the pain signals
3. CHigh glucose protects the heart from pain
4. DPeople with diabetes do not have heart attacks

A patient with type 1 diabetes has a seizure on the ward. Their capillary glucose is 1,9 mmol/L (34 mg/dL). They cannot swallow. What is the most appropriate treatment?

1. AA rapid-acting insulin dose to stabilise the glucose
2. BAn antiepileptic drug only, because seizures need seizure treatment
3. CIV glucose or IM glucagon, then recheck the glucose
4. DGlucose gel squeezed into the mouth during the seizure

On the first day after a kidney transplant, urine output suddenly falls from 200 mL/h to 10 mL/h. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThat the catheter is not blocked or kinked
2. BWhether the patient has eaten
3. CThe patient's temperature and pulse
4. DThe patient's blood glucose level