Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

After a head injury, a patient has bruising behind the ear over the mastoid bone. What does this suggest?

1. AA fracture of the base of the skull
2. BAn injury to the outer ear only
3. CA fractured jaw
4. DA simple scalp laceration

Which symptoms are typical of diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

1. AA painful red, hot swollen big toe at night
2. BPain in the calves that starts when walking
3. CNumbness, tingling or burning in the feet
4. DMorning stiffness of the small hand joints

How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia typically described?

1. AA throbbing pain behind one eye with nausea and aura
2. BSudden electric-shock pain in the face set off by light touch
3. CA dull ache across the forehead that lasts all day
4. DA burning pain in both feet, worse at night

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result
2. BGive oral potassium supplements straight away
3. CInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
4. DStart dialysis as soon as possible

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA strict low-protein diet
2. BA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
3. CA diet very high in caffeine for energy
4. DA high-calorie diet with enough protein

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. ALoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
2. BWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
3. CParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
4. DWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs

Which statement correctly distinguishes spinal shock from neurogenic shock?

1. ASpinal shock is low blood pressure; neurogenic shock is the loss of reflexes
2. BNeurogenic shock is caused by blood loss; spinal shock is caused by infection
3. CThey are two names for exactly the same condition
4. DSpinal shock is lost reflexes; neurogenic shock is low BP and slow pulse

An older man was found on the floor after lying there for many hours. His urine is dark brown, and his creatine kinase is very high. What is the main kidney risk and the key treatment?

1. AA kidney stone, treated with strong pain relief
2. BAKI from rhabdomyolysis, treated with generous IV fluids
3. CHypothermia, treated with a fluid restriction
4. DA urinary infection, treated with oral antibiotics only