Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by drinking too little water
2. BIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys
3. CIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
4. DIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys

What is a goitre?

1. AAn overactive parathyroid gland
2. BAn enlarged thyroid gland
3. CA tumour of the adrenal gland
4. DA swollen lymph node in the armpit

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo prevent fatty lumps that absorb insulin unevenly
2. BTo stop the insulin from spreading to other organs
3. CTo make the insulin work faster each time
4. DTo avoid building up an immune response to the insulin

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AKidney stones
2. BSkin cancer
3. CGout
4. DHair loss

Un paziente con insufficienza surrenalica primaria ha la febbre. Qual è il consiglio abituale per la terapia sostitutiva steroidea nei giorni di malattia?

1. ASospendere lo steroide finché la febbre non è passata
2. BDimezzare la dose per ridurre gli effetti collaterali
3. CMantenere la dose abituale ed evitare di bere liquidi extra per ora
4. DAumentare la dose di glucocorticoide, spesso raddoppiandola

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

1. AConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
2. BOlder adults often show infection as confusion
3. CUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults
4. DA UTI cannot occur in people over 80

Due giorni dopo una lesione midollare a C5, un paziente è ansioso, con frequenza respiratoria 30/min e capacità vitale in calo. Che cosa deve fare l'infermiere?

1. AAllertare urgentemente: l'edema midollare può causare insufficienza respiratoria
2. BRicontrollare la capacità vitale tra circa 12 ore
3. CFar sdraiare il paziente con la testa reclinata all'indietro per aprire le vie aeree
4. DSomministrare un sedativo per rallentare il respiro e attenuare l'ansia

Two days after a spinal cord injury, a patient has a swollen abdomen, no bowel sounds and is vomiting. What is most likely, and what is the nursing action?

1. AA full bladder, so encourage oral fluids
2. BNormal constipation, so give a large meal to stimulate the bowel
3. CAn allergic reaction to food, so give an antihistamine
4. DParalytic ileus, so keep nil by mouth and prepare for an NG tube