Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt is cured by levodopa
2. BIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements
3. CIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain
4. DIt mainly affects children under the age of five years

Why do patients with chronic kidney disease often develop bone disease?

1. APatients usually drink too much milk
2. BThe kidneys cannot activate vitamin D or clear phosphate
3. CThe kidneys release too much calcium into the bones
4. DThe bones are attacked by antibodies made in the kidneys

Which side effect is common when starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide?

1. AHair growth
2. BWeight gain
3. CNausea
4. DA dry cough

A patient with Conn's syndrome starts spironolactone. Which blood test should the nurse watch most closely?

1. AGlucose
2. BPotassium
3. CCalcium
4. DAmylase

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. AGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan
2. BRestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
3. CGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids
4. DDoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image

After a change in the levothyroxine dose, when is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 2 years of treatment
2. BAfter 24 hours
3. CAfter about 6–8 weeks
4. DAfter 3 days

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe dose is too high
2. BThe dose is too low
3. CThe thyroid has stopped working
4. DA normal response to the drug

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia has lost weight and has poor oral hygiene. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. ATell the patient to stop brushing their teeth completely
2. BEncourage hard, crunchy foods to strengthen the jaw muscles
3. COffer soft, lukewarm food and advise chewing on the unaffected side
4. DAdvise very hot drinks to relax the facial nerves