Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

1. AChvostek's sign
2. BKernig's sign
3. CTrousseau's sign
4. DBattle's sign

The nurse asks a patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance. Which cranial nerve is being tested?

1. ATrigeminal nerve (V)
2. BHypoglossal nerve (XII)
3. CAccessory nerve (XI)
4. DFacial nerve (VII)

How should a patient collect a midstream urine sample?

1. ALet the first part go in the toilet, then catch the middle
2. BCollect urine over 24 hours into one bottle
3. CCollect the very first drops into the container
4. DCollect urine from the toilet bowl afterwards

A patient taking warfarin is diagnosed with an intracerebral haemorrhage. What is the priority treatment?

1. ADoubling the warfarin dose to stabilise the INR
2. BUrgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect
3. CStarting aspirin to prevent further clots
4. DIV thrombolysis within 4,5 hours

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ALie completely flat for at least a week after surgery
2. BDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean
3. CBlow the nose often to clear any clots
4. DAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward

Why are insulin and glucose given together to treat hyperkalaemia?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into cells; glucose prevents a hypo
2. BInsulin makes the kidneys pass more potassium in the urine
3. CGlucose binds the potassium in the blood and removes it
4. DInsulin protects the heart muscle cells from the potassium

Un paziente in terapia a lungo termine con prednisolone ad alte dosi è al terzo giorno dopo un intervento intestinale. Riferisce solo un lieve dolore addominale, ma la frequenza cardiaca è salita a 115/min e la temperatura è 37,4 °C. Perché l'infermiere dovrebbe essere particolarmente preoccupato?

1. AGli steroidi causano tachicardia in tutti i pazienti, perciò non serve fare nulla
2. BIl dolore lieve mostra che l'intestino sta guarendo come previsto
3. CGli steroidi proteggono dalle infezioni, perciò la sepsi è molto improbabile
4. DGli steroidi possono mascherare febbre, dolore e peritonismo, nascondendo complicanze

A patient's corrected calcium is 1,7 mmol/L (about 6,8 mg/dL). Which ECG change is most typical?

1. AST elevation in all leads
2. BA prolonged QT interval
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DTall, peaked T waves