Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

What causes myasthenia gravis?

1. ACompression of a nerve root in the lower back
2. BAntibodies against acetylcholine receptors on muscle
3. CDamage to myelin in the brain and spinal cord
4. DLoss of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
2. BVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
3. CKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

Quale segno suggerisce una peritonite in un paziente in dialisi peritoneale?

1. ALiquido drenato torbido con dolore addominale
2. BUn po' meno liquido drenato del solito dopo una permanenza
3. CLieve sete dopo una lunga permanenza
4. DLiquido drenato limpido, di colore paglierino

A patient with type 1 diabetes plans a long cycle ride. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ATake an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin before setting off
2. BSkip breakfast so the exercise burns body fat
3. CAvoid checking glucose until the ride is over
4. DCheck glucose before and after, and carry fast-acting carbohydrate

Dopo un trauma cranico, un paziente ha un liquido limpido che gocciola dal naso. Qual è la principale preoccupazione?

1. AUn semplice raffreddore o un attacco di febbre da fieno
2. BUna fistola liquorale da frattura cranica
3. CNormale muco prodotto dopo aver pianto
4. DUna reazione allergica al mezzo di contrasto della TC

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. AA weight gain of 2 kg (4,4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling
2. BA weight loss of 1 kg (2,2 lb) after a hot day
3. CA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
4. DDark yellow urine and thirst

Why might a frail 88-year-old with type 2 diabetes have a less strict HbA1c target?

1. ATo reduce the risk of hypos, falls and confusion
2. BBecause diabetes cannot damage older people
3. CTo save money on blood tests and drugs
4. DBecause older people cannot use any glucose medicines

A patient with a head injury now has a blood pressure of 190/70 mmHg, a pulse of 48/min and irregular breathing. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. ANeurogenic shock from a spinal cord injury
2. BHypovolaemic shock from internal bleeding
3. CA normal stress response to pain, anxiety and the noise of the ward
4. DCushing's triad, a late sign of raised intracranial pressure