Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. AAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks
2. BDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics
3. CContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact
4. DNo extra precautions, because it is not infectious

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
3. CWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor
4. DMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods

Che cosa significa danno renale acuto (AKI)?

1. AUn rapido calo della funzione renale nell'arco di ore o giorni
2. BCalcoli renali senza alcuna alterazione della funzione
3. CUn'infezione batterica del tessuto renale
4. DUna lenta perdita permanente della funzione renale nell'arco di anni

Which nursing action helps most to prevent and manage delirium in an older inpatient?

1. ARestrain the patient so that they do not wander off the ward
2. BKeep the lights on all night so the patient can see clearly
3. CUse glasses and hearing aids and reorient the patient often
4. DMove the patient to a different room each day for variety

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. ADrink through a straw to keep the nose clean
2. BAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
3. CBlow the nose often to clear any clots
4. DLie completely flat for at least a week after surgery

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. ABacteria that convert nitrate are present
2. BThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
3. CThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
4. DThe kidneys are losing too much protein

A nurse teaches a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis about levothyroxine. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report palpitations or chest pain."
2. B"I will have regular blood tests to check my dose."
3. C"I can stop the tablets once I feel back to normal."
4. D"I will take the tablets at the same time each day."

Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?

1. ABlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
2. BIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
3. CThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells
4. DAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high