Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A147 mmol/L
2. B142 mmol/L
3. C129 mmol/L
4. D138 mmol/L

Perché è importante registrare quando un paziente con ictus è stato visto bene l'ultima volta?

1. AI pazienti visti dopo un'ora non possono essere ricoverati in una stroke unit
2. BL'ora serve a calcolare il punteggio GCS del paziente
3. CTrattamenti come la trombolisi dipendono dal tempo trascorso dall'esordio
4. DL'ora decide quale lato del cervello è colpito

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. AMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day
2. BLeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out
3. CUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night
4. DWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist

A patient on insulin asks about drinking alcohol. Which advice is correct?

1. AAlcohol can cause hypos, even the next day, so eat carbs with it
2. BAlcohol raises glucose, so extra insulin should be taken first
3. CAlcohol has no effect on blood glucose in people with diabetes
4. DAlcohol should replace a meal on the days it is drunk

Which headache feature most suggests raised intracranial pressure from a brain tumour?

1. ABetter in the morning and worse with stress
2. BOnly present after reading for a long time
3. CA tight band across the forehead that eases with rest
4. DWorse on waking and on coughing, with vomiting

A patient uses a continuous glucose monitor. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt makes finger-prick checks unnecessary in every situation
2. BIt reads glucose in fluid under the skin, a little behind blood glucose
3. CIt works by giving small doses of insulin automatically
4. DIt measures glucose directly in the blood every second of the day

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2,6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
2. BTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
3. CDeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result
4. DChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range

A patient has had a high sodium of 160 mmol/L for several days. Why must it be corrected slowly?

1. ARapid correction raises the blood glucose
2. BRapid correction can cause brain swelling
3. CThe sodium will rise again if corrected quickly
4. DRapid correction causes kidney stones