Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which group of symptoms is classic for meningitis?

1. AChest pain, cough and wheeze
2. BJoint pain, rash on the cheeks and hair loss
3. CFlank pain, fever and painful urination
4. DFever, headache and neck stiffness

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo prevent fatty lumps that absorb insulin unevenly
2. BTo make the insulin work faster each time
3. CTo avoid building up an immune response to the insulin
4. DTo stop the insulin from spreading to other organs

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood
2. BInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight
3. CAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
4. DA lack of glucagon from the pancreas

A patient with gout has recurrent uric acid kidney stones. Which treatment helps prevent them?

1. ARestricting fluids in the evening only
2. BVitamin C supplements and a high-meat diet
3. CAllopurinol and making the urine less acidic
4. DCalcium tablets and a low-fluid diet

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. AThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
2. BAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
3. CA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
4. DBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. AA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing
2. BLess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft
3. CA rash on the face after sun exposure
4. DMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss

Un paziente in terapia a lungo termine con prednisolone ad alte dosi è al terzo giorno dopo un intervento intestinale. Riferisce solo un lieve dolore addominale, ma la frequenza cardiaca è salita a 115/min e la temperatura è 37,4 °C. Perché l'infermiere dovrebbe essere particolarmente preoccupato?

1. AGli steroidi proteggono dalle infezioni, perciò la sepsi è molto improbabile
2. BGli steroidi possono mascherare febbre, dolore e peritonismo, nascondendo complicanze
3. CGli steroidi causano tachicardia in tutti i pazienti, perciò non serve fare nulla
4. DIl dolore lieve mostra che l'intestino sta guarendo come previsto

A patient who has taken prednisolone daily for years is vomiting and cannot keep tablets down. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the tablets again after every vomit
2. BOmit the steroid until the vomiting stops
3. CGive the next dose with a glass of milk
4. DEscalate urgently for steroid by injection