Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which is a common effect of long-term corticosteroid treatment?

1. AA lower risk of infections
2. BLow blood glucose
3. CThinning of the bones
4. DWeight loss and a slim face

Quale gruppo di sintomi è tipico dell'ipotiroidismo?

1. ADiarrea, ansia, sudorazione e occhi sporgenti
2. BIntolleranza al freddo, stanchezza, aumento di peso e stitichezza
3. CIntolleranza al caldo, perdita di peso, tremore fine e palpitazioni
4. DGrande sete ed eliminazione di grandi volumi di urina

What is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

1. AA lack of ACTH from the pituitary gland
2. BAn autoimmune attack on the adrenal glands
3. CA tumour of the adrenal medulla
4. DLong-term use of glucocorticoid medicines

When a patient sticks out their tongue, it points to the right. Which nerve is affected?

1. AThe left trigeminal nerve (V)
2. BThe right hypoglossal nerve (XII)
3. CThe left hypoglossal nerve (XII)
4. DThe right facial nerve (VII)

After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, which advice should the patient follow?

1. AAvoid blowing the nose, straining and bending forward
2. BDrink through a straw to keep the nose clean
3. CLie completely flat for at least a week after surgery
4. DBlow the nose often to clear any clots

Why is all urine strained in a patient with suspected kidney stones?

1. ATo catch the stone so it can be analysed
2. BTo remove blood clots before testing
3. CTo stop the stone from blocking the toilet
4. DTo measure the urine volume more accurately

A patient's glucose is 6,2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe meter is faulty and should be replaced
2. BThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
3. CA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
4. DThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ACertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
2. BA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
3. CNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
4. DPossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded