Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AOrientation to time, place and person, plus memory
2. BEye opening, verbal response and motor response
3. CReflexes, muscle tone and sensation
4. DPupil size, pulse and blood pressure

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
2. BIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more water
4. DIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water

What is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

1. ALong-term use of glucocorticoid medicines
2. BA tumour of the adrenal medulla
3. CA lack of ACTH from the pituitary gland
4. DAn autoimmune attack on the adrenal glands

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. AA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing
2. BA rash on the face after sun exposure
3. CLess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft
4. DMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAcute pancreatitis
2. BA simple urinary tract infection
3. CNormal nausea from the drug
4. DLow blood glucose

Which headache feature most suggests raised intracranial pressure from a brain tumour?

1. ABetter in the morning and worse with stress
2. BOnly present after reading for a long time
3. CWorse on waking and on coughing, with vomiting
4. DA tight band across the forehead that eases with rest

Four patients had a minor head injury with no loss of consciousness and a GCS of 15. Which one most needs a CT scan of the head?

1. AA 40-year-old with a mild headache that is improving
2. BA 30-year-old who bumped their head on a cupboard door
3. CA 25-year-old with a small scalp graze after a fall
4. DA 78-year-old who takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation

Un paziente con ictus ischemico acuto non è candidato alla trombolisi. Al giorno 1 la PA è 190/100 mmHg senza altre emergenze. Che cosa è in genere appropriato?

1. AEvitare un abbassamento aggressivo e seguire gli obiettivi del team dell'ictus
2. BFar sdraiare il paziente e somministrare un grande bolo di liquidi
3. CDare spray di nitrato ogni 5 minuti finché non scende sotto 120 mmHg
4. DAbbassarla rapidamente a 110/70 mmHg con farmaci EV