Scheda di esercizi di Area medico-chirurgica: neurologica, endocrina e renale con soluzioni

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A138 mmol/L
2. B129 mmol/L
3. C147 mmol/L
4. D142 mmol/L

What is sciatica?

1. APain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
2. BPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root
3. CCramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
4. DStiffness of the hips in the morning

Which substance do the kidneys release that helps raise blood pressure?

1. AThyroxine
2. BRenin
3. CInsulin
4. DBile

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal nausea from the drug
2. BAcute pancreatitis
3. CLow blood glucose
4. DA simple urinary tract infection

Before checking a capillary glucose, why should the patient wash their hands with soap and water?

1. AWashing prevents all infection from the lancet
2. BWashing lowers the glucose in the blood
3. CSugar on the skin can give a falsely high reading
4. DSoap makes the blood flow faster from the finger

A patient with a suspected basal skull fracture needs a gastric tube. Which route is preferred?

1. AThrough the mouth (orogastric)
2. BThrough the nose (nasogastric)
3. CThrough the nose with a guidewire
4. DThrough a fine-bore nasal tube

Un paziente con sospetto ictus arriva due ore dopo l'esordio. La glicemia capillare è 2,4 mmol/L (43 mg/dL). Che cosa deve avvenire ora?

1. ASomministrare subito la trombolisi senza altri controlli
2. BTrattare la glicemia bassa e rivalutare i segni neurologici
3. CIgnorare la glicemia, perché non è rilevante per la valutazione dell'ictus
4. DSomministrare insulina EV per proteggere le cellule cerebrali

During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. AHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery
2. BA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic
3. CAn allergic reaction to the catheter
4. DTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid